The Advantages of Including Clinical Simulation in Nursing Education Research Paper

The Advantages of Including Clinical Simulation in Nursing Education - Research Paper Example This way, the individual is fully engaged in something that he might otherwise just read about or watch someone else doing. However, in most situations, people are just asked to â€Å"watch and learn† and be expected to automatically imbibe what is being taught. Somehow, for most people, this is not enough, especially for those in jobs that would require actual practice before they apply what they have learned. Nursing is one example of a career that would need much practical experience before implementation as a career. Since nurses are entrusted with the lives of their patients, having no clue as to what to do with them in actual practice, no matter if they are just new in their profession, is no excuse. It would be a risky and unprofessional thing to do. Lacking practical experience, nursing students cannot just rely on their theoretical knowledge gained from school. New Training Technique One new development in nursing education is the use of clinical simulation. This is a teaching methodology that provides students with learning experiences closely resembling real-life circumstances that they are likely to encounter in their professional practice. â€Å"Simulated clinical experience requires immersing students in a representative patient-care scenario, a setting that mimics the actual environment with sufficient realism to allow learners to suspend disbelief† (Waxsman:29). Faced with a simulated environment, they gain familiarity with situations that they will most probably encounter in their future profession. They get to see the real equipment to be used, the set up in a clinical environment, and get an idea of how it feels like to be in a clinic, hospital room or operating room. In this method, student nurses get the opportunity to use a lifelike high-fidelity manikin which is interactive and realistic (Jeffries: 56). Different scenarios that nurses are likely to encounter with their patients are played out during simulation sessions that would summon their skills and knowledge. The manikin would serve as a sample patient that the nurses can attend to depending on the symptoms presented. High and low-fidelity manikins as well as skill and task trainers, virtual reality trainers, computer-based simulators and scenarios and even standardized patients comprise the simulation education package (Jeffries: 60). In clinical simulation, they get exposed to various scenarios and are supposed to apply what they have learned in a safe and controlled environment that will not risk the safety and life of any patient. This is very much different from the traditional teaching methods that nursing students have been accustomed to such as lectures, discussions, role-play and laboratory practice, as these may no longer be effective (Waxman:30). What is currently being promoted in education is the adherence to constructivist pedagogical approaches wherein more active, experiential learning strategies reflect real world practices. Parke r & Myrick (42) contend that clinical simulation has constructivist pedagogical underpinnings fostering interpretive, generative learning which is suited to the promotion of transformative learning. Through the use of clinically- simulated scenarios, students engage in concrete experiences likely to be done in their future practice. The Process of Clinical Simulation Human patient simulation (HPS) is the technology behind clinical simulation in nursing education. Bearnson and Wiker (422) explain that a human-like manikin designed with human-like responses and function is controlled by a computer by the

HRM And SHRM Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

HRM And SHRM - Essay Example Virgin very early realized that simple management of employees is not good enough to achieve greater success in the global market. It took the idea that investment in human element with respect to all aspects of the organization is essential for the success of the company. It integrated management of human resources into organizational strategy and has reaped tangible benefits as a result of this. Virgin took the HRM approach of designing systems, policies, and procedures to manage employees and integrated it with SHRM approach wherein human resources were seen as the key asset, extensive interest was shown and investment was made in order to meet key objectives. The approach of the group towards SHRM can be best understood by their group motto: "Our people come first†. Virgin has adopted various initiatives to ensure that their employees are managed effectively. Safe working environments are created, training is undertaken to ensure that employees are updated with the skills n eeded to handle their work, employment contracts for all staffs, and many more HRM initiatives have employed. There are other HRM systems in place such as bonuses, stock options, profit sharing, etc. Along with this Virgin have come up with numerous SHRM strategies such as recruitment criteria were in the company looks for values and character among the prospective employees that can uphold the company's brand value. Only those are selected who possess values that fit with the company's brand culture (Verma, 2006).

General Description of the Community Essay Example for Free

General Description of the Community Essay Target area being assessed by the author is hospice service in Sioux Falls and surrounding areas provided by Avera Mckennan. Hospice care is end-of-life care provided by health professionals and volunteers Hospice care provides medical services, emotional support, and spiritual resources for people who are in the last stages of terminal illness. Although most hospice patients are cancer patients, hospice accepts anyone regardless of age and type of disease. The goal of hospice treatment is to keep patient comfortable and improve quality of life. Hospice care tries to manage symptoms so that patients last days may be spent with dignity, surrounded by his/her loved ones. Hospice care is family-centered: the patient and family are both included in the care plan and emotional, spiritual and practical support is provided depending on the patients wishes and families needs. Hospice is not so much a place, as it is a philosophy of care with a family-centered approach that considers the patient and family to be the unit of care (Lattanzi-Licht et al. , 1998). Avera Mckennan Hospice Services are the main focus of author. Avera McKennans Home Hospice and Palliative Care program office is located in the Dougherty Hospice House. Through this program, they provide hospice services in a variety environments: hospice care in the home setting, hospice care in an assisted living facility, hospice care in a skilled nursing facility and also, in Dougherty Hospice House. The Dougherty Hospice House is a unique sixteen bed hospice facility located on the Prince of Peace campus. This place provides a home like setting with specious rooms for patient and sleeping accommodations for family members. It also has a meditation room, wireless internet, beautiful meditative garden, large dining and family room for families to gather, and library. Dougherty Hospice House and its surrounding property are tobacco free environments. About 80% of all hospice care is provided in private homes, nursing homes, independent and assisted living facilities (Caffrey, C. et al. , 2011). If hospice care provided in patients home, a family member will look after their loved one much of the time. Someone form hospice team will usually visit patient once or twice a week assessing a patient and addressing current health issues. Avera McKennan Hospice team consist of 25 people including nurses, social workers, spiritual advisors/chaplains, nursing assistants, trained volunteers, pharmacist and medical director. In case of emergency home hospice patient can call the 24-hour hospice number for advice. A nurse usually can come to patients house at any time of the day or night or give an advise over the phone. Based on the patients circumstances and stage of care, a hospice interdisciplinary team (IDT) may provide variety of services. Registered nurses assist patient with management of discomfort, pain and side effects of previous treatment ( nausea from chemotherapy). Also nurses help educate both patient and family about what is happening. The nurse is a link connecting patient, family and physician. Home health aids provide extra support for personal care such as bathing, shaving, dressing and eating. Trained hospice volunteers offer assistance with everyday tasks such as shopping, babysitting, and carpooling. They are being available to listen to the patients and families and offer compassionate support. Primary doctor approves plan of care for hospice patient and works with hospice team. A hospice medical director who has expertise in symptom management and end-of-life care is available to the attending physician, patient and family, and hospice team as a great resource and consultant. Chaplains, priests, or other spiritual counselors help patient and family explore the meaning of the death, and perform religious ceremony specific to the patient. Respite care can be provided by inpatient hospice to give family a break from stress of care giving in up to 5-day periods. This service recognizes the need for caregivers to have time away from caretaking roles (Ingleton, Payne, Nolan, Carey, 2003;Lattanzi-Licht e. l. , 1998). Terms such as caregiver burden (Chwalisz Kisler, 1995), caretaker role fatigue, spousal burnout, and role engulfment refer to an imbalance between the physical and mental resources needed to give care and those available within the family unit (Reese Sontag, 2001). Regularly scheduled family conferences most often led by the hospice nurse or social worker allow patient and family members share feelings, talk about what to expect, what is needed, and learn about process of dying. The interdisciplinary team coordinates Avera McKennan Hospice services and supervises al care 7 days a week, 24 hours a day. The team is making sure that current information is shared among all the services involved in patients care. Official Community Government (form of government). For-profit and nonprofit hospices have the same regulations. They must comply with State low and Code of Federal Regulations governing hospice care. For-profit hospices grow more than six times faster than nonprofit hospices. Profit sometimes risks compromising the quality of care patients receive. Nonprofit hospices provide hospice services to anyone including persons who do not have health insurance coverage and cannot afford to pay for care. In this case, nonprofit hospice can provide services to person free of charge as part of its charitable mission because nonprofit status of the hospice requires it to offer charitable services and they are dedicated to the mission of caring those in need. Main purpose of for-profit hospices is to make money and pay dividends to their stockholders. They have no obligation to provide services to anyone who does not have Medicare, Medicaid or private insurance coverage. However, both type of hospices are trying to make money, but when they compete for patients, they must provide better care. Averas Home hospice services are covered 100% under Medicare and some Medicaid plans, but inpatient care at the Dougherty Hospice House involve some financial expense. Social workers offer patients and their families help with payment options and never turn away a patient for inability to pay for the service. Medicare is the primary payer for hospice services covering 77% of all hospice expenses. The rest is paid for by Medicaid (4%), private insurance (12%) or other sources (7%). Compare to hospital and skilled nursing facilities, hospice is considered a cost-effective service. Hospice charges per day are much lower than hospitals and skilled nursing facilities. Hospice care is covered in full by most insurance. Medicare and Medicaid provide a special Hospice Benefit. This benefit provides 100% coverage for visit by staff, medications related to the hospice illness, durable medical equipment in the home, and supplies for skin care, incontinence management, dressings, etc. Hospice care covered under Medicare includes both inpatient care when needed, and home care services. The focus of hospice is on care, emphasizing help the person to make the most of each day by providing comfort and pain relief. Most private insurance companies include hospice care as a benefit. Patient and family can hire hospice providers and pay for their services out of pocket. If patient has a limited financial resources, non-profit hospices provide services without charge as part of charitable mission. Any patient who enters hospice must be evaluated at the time of admission to the hospice program. Hospice dietitians assist the patient in reaching the best nutritional goals, depending on the current state of the patient’s condition. Common problems for hospice patients are nausea and vomiting. These can be controlled with anti-emetics in some cases, while for some patient s change of diet is sufficient. Educating patient and family about the changes occurring in the patient’s body is imperative. During the course of illness, patient experience changes to some extend in their food intake. It is common for the hospital patient to reduce oral intake of food and fluids as the disease progresses. In general, there is metabolism alterations occur in patient’s body with a terminal illness. Furthermore, there comes a time when the body begins to break cells down instead of building them up. At this point, the body is no longer takes nutrients in. Sometimes patients are forced to take food by family members; in this case the body may refuse through vomiting or diarrhea. A hospice dietitian will explain when this point is reached. However, addressing to stop oral intake before this point is reached is not appropriate. Ongoing assessment of hospice patient nutritional needs will help to determine if there is any appetite change or ability to take the food in and keep it. Based on a study of the non-hospice end-of-life experience of 3,357 seriously ill patients who died reported 40% were in severe pain prior to their death, and 25% experienced moderate to great anxiety of depression before they died (Lynn, 1997). However, hospice is a compassionate way to deliver health care and supportive services. Despite the low South Dakota’s death rate compare the national death rate, the two leading causes of death are heart disease and cancer, accounted for half of South Dakota deaths. Healthy lifestyle changes are critical in reducing deaths due to cancer and heart disease. These modifications can be accomplished by reducing tobacco use, increasing physical activity, and developing healthy eating habits. Minorities in South Dakota include African American, Asian, and Hispanic populations. In general, language barriers, transportation, finances, and lack of insurance were found to be the issues encountered by minorities in seeking adequate health care. Furthermore, end of life care is not reach minority population and remains as a national issue. The majority of hospice patient care is provided in the place patient calls â€Å"home†. In addition to private residences, this includes nursing homes and assisted living facilities. As the health care becomes better, the population lives longer. Nursing home patients benefit from hospice services as much as people living in their homes. According to studies, nursing home residents enrolled in hospice were less likely to be hospitalized in the final 30 days of their life (24% vs. 44%) (Miller, 2001). They were more likely to be assessed for pain, were twice as likely to receive pain management within clinical guidelines (Miller, 2004). Large percentage of elderly people receives home hospice service. Many homes need some modifications for the hospice services to be provided. For example, a bedroom may need to be relocated to a main level of the house for those who have difficulties claiming stairs. There is widening of the hallways may be required to accommodate a wheelchair access. Because of the growing number of people who wish to stay and receive care at home, general contractors are available to assess remodeling needs. A number of programs and sources provide reduced rates, loans, or free services with home modifications.

Dewar’s leader in U.S. Scotch whisky industry Essay -- Business and Ma

Dewar’s leader in U.S. Scotch whisky industry 1. Situational Analysis 1.1 SWOT Analysis Strengths - Dewar’s leader in U.S. Scotch whisky industry, with a market share of 15%. - Past success with the advertising campaigns in maintaining a positive image for Dewar’s among Scotch drinkers. - Strong research and development. - Backup from United Distillers, which is an International leader in the Scotch whisky and Gin markets, and one of the most profitable spirit’s Company in the world. - Dewar’s is positioned as a premium and prestigious blend of Scotch whisky. - Schieffelin & Somerst, distributor of Dewar’s within U.S, is the product of a Joint Venture with Moet Hmessy Louis Vuitton, allowing cost reduction. Weaknesses - Lack of promotional strategies to attract new customers. - Targeting a segment market that is not growing. - Slow reactions. Opportunities - US, the largest liquor market in the world (13% market share) with high profit margins. - Young adults’ good attitude towards the consumption of withe spirits. - Social acceptance of mixed drinks. Threats - Sales in Industry of liquor and withe spirits with a negative growth. - Scotch whisky in the declining stage of product cycle. - Mature target market consuming less Scotch whisky. - Growing social resistance and regulations of liquor consumption in the U.S. - Shift of consumer preference towards lighter alcohol beverages, such as wine and beer. - Risk of becoming over analytical and moving to slowly when implementing the repositioning strategy. 1.2 US Scotch whisky Industry Analysis. Both the industry of liquor and the industry of distilled spirits had suffered a reduction in consumption since 1978. This represents 15 years of constant negative growth. Some of the factors that had caused this phenomenon are the growing of social, regulatory and legal restrictions over drinking. Also, drinking preferences have shifted towards lighter alcohol beverages, such as wine and beer. The Scotch industry has suffered an even greater decline due to the fact that its target market is drinking much less. It has become the distilled spirit with lower consumption per-capita. Mature customers are not loyal to a brand, they are lower priced oriented. If all these factors remain the same, ... ...f the campaigns. 3. Analysis and evaluation of options Three strategies have been developed in order to help managers to take the last decisions in the release of the campaign. Strategy 1 Implementation just of the maintenance campaign directed to mature adults. Strategy 2 Implementing truths and maintenance campaigns at the same time. Strategy 3 Line extension 4. Recommended course of action The most realistic, and practical option that I can recommend to the manager is the second one. She already had researched and developed a big campaign that in just two moths is supposed to be released. We just hope that no changes in the perception of the mature audience will be produced due the expose to both campaigns. Also in terms of lees cost and almost immediate effect in profits, the best choice is the second one. But let's say if there is no budget or time constrains the best option for me is the third one. Keeping each segment with different products it makes it easier to target the audiences. When this young adults reach certain age they will immediate cross the bridge to Dewar’s classic bottle, giving a more serious and respectful image.

Economics Practice Exam Questions

1. Â  A trade quota:is an explicit limit on the amount of exports of a good from a country.is an explicit limit on the amount of imports of a good into a country.is a tax only on exports.is a tax only on imports.2. Â  An import tariff:is an explicit limit on the amount of exports of a good from a country.is an explicit limit on the amount of imports of a good into a country.is a tax only on exports.is a tax only on imports.3. Â  While an import tariff on a good will both raise the domestic price of that good and its domestic production levels, a quota:will not raise the domestic price but will increase the amount of the good produced domestically.will raise the domestic price but will not increase the amount of the good produced domestically.will both raise the domestic price and increase the amount of the good produced domestically.will neither raise the domestic price nor increase the amount of the good produced domestically.4. Â  If the dollar price of the German mark increase s, then:the German Mark has appreciated while the U.S. dollar has depreciated.the German Mark has depreciated while the U.S. dollar has appreciated.both the German Mark and the U.S. dollar have depreciated.both the German Mark and the U.S. dollar have appreciated.5. Â  An exchange rate measures:the price at which one can exchange one good for another good.the price at which one can exchange one resource for another resource.the discounted price one received when returning defective goods for exchange.the price at which one can exchange one currency for another currency.6. Â  Consider the following two statements:The U.S. dollar will depreciate when U.S. Demand for foreign goods increases.The U.S. dollar will depreciate in the present if the public believes that the U.S. dollar will depreciate in the future.both statements are true.both statements are false.I is true while II is false.I is false while II is true.

Social Inequality And Stereotyping Cultures From Political...

EDUC1708 Research Essay Due: 25 August 2014 By: Kody Williamson (s4350274) Tutor: Dr Joy Kennedy Youdell (2012) argues that the singular and one-off multicultural events reproduce majority/minority, Same/Other relations in their display of minoritises cultures for the appreciation of or consumption by the majority. (p 153) This essay will look into the argument of how the one off multicultural events can be seen as racist, fostering social-inequality and stereotyping cultures from political power. It will also outline how educators with the right strategies and planning can foster valuable cultural experiences and cultivate socio-equality with their students and their school communities. Multicultural education is the term†¦show more content†¦(Reynolds, 2012) The schools that are hosting these singular multicultural days do have intent to inform students of diverse cultures, yet instead are accentuating the already existing social and cultural hierarchies. (Gorski, 2008) The way and how to teach multiculturalism in the classroom is a sensitive topic between the many parties involved. Since multicultural education is primarily a set of beliefs and philosophies (Neito, 1994), it is a very powerful issue especially from socio-political perspectives. Wright (2007) argues that multiculturalism has no pre-given destiny nationally or globally, but is continually being renewed and re-contested by political policy actors from their dominating point of view. The power of the corporate elite demonstrates their need for social in-equality through globalization, for the cheap labor from the poorest countries that accelerate their economic growth. This cycle is what Chosudovsky (2003) calls the Globalisation of Poverty. The educational policies in place illustrate this globalisation of poverty when we look at the legislations and those who write them. In the US, the educational policy is firmly under the thumbs of these corporate elites in the form of the Business Roundtable, the public education system itself is becoming a vehicle for socialising citizens into good compliance and complicity. (Chomsky, 2003; Gabbard, 2003)

It s A Digital World Essay - 2309 Words

It s a digital world. Today, technology might not replace a teacher but a teacher who make good use of technology will probably replace one s who don t. Using technology and computer science to facilitate learning as well as its role within education is important to understand as technology plays a dominant role in daily life. The availability, affordability, and efficiency of technological devices and tools have benefitted both students and educators alike. A child’s mind is said to be small simply by habit. It is perhaps the sharpest tool that can retain anything provided to it. Shaping such a mind requires quality of the information provided to it. Statistical survey data collected in the last year clearly proves this statement. According to an info graphic published by Everyday Family, 54% of 21st century kids start using mobile devices when they are 5 to 8 years old; 30% of the apps downloaded on parents mobile devices are specially for their child’s usage. 77% of the parents accept that usage of tablet PC s increases a child’s learning capacity, imagination creative skills. 72% of iTunes top selling apps are designed for preschoolers and elementary students. Thus technology acts as an effective teaching aid. Additionally, usage of this versatile tool has tremendously helped students with learning disabilities by supporting their needs, as well as providing the teachers with assistive devices to directly identi fy the students needs. Educators find the useShow MoreRelatedThe Digital World Is Affecting Today s Youth1414 Words   |  6 PagesSandra Boyd analyzes how nearly ubiquitous access to the digital world is affecting today’s youth in It s Complicated. 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